Tesla Won’t Solve the Issue of Low EVs Influx in India: IDTechEx Report

Tesla has announced its plans to enter the Indian automobile market at the very beginning of 2021. So how will Tesla reach its goals in India, and how India will boost its EV adoption with this foreign entry?

Well, the answer is not quite that straight and easy. However, a report from IDTechEx: “Electric Vehicles in India 2021-2041” answers this question. The report emphasizes the problems India currently has in a smooth and faster EV adoption.

According to the report, the trouble is India currently does not have much of an appetite for electric cars, at least in the current situation. In fact, this stretches to cars in general. While it is true that India stands fifth in the largest auto markets in the world’s list. Behind China, the US, Europe & Japan, India peaked at 3.3 million vehicle sales in 2018 (before the anticipation of new emissions regulation in 2020 sparked a short-term decline), taking a look at vehicles in-use per capita tells a different story.

The report finds that roughly 26 cars are in-use per 1000 people in India; this compares with 700–800 for the US and Europe and 200 for China, the world’s largest auto market. In contrast, looking at two-wheelers, India is the largest motorcycle market in the world and has around 170 motorcycles per 1000 people: clearly, motorcycles are the current mobility preference. The main reason behind this disparity is the price, as popular motorcycles are typically sold between USD 700 – USD 2000 in India, compared to the average car is north of USD 10,000.

As is well known, the largest barrier to the adoption of electric vehicles is the higher upfront price, which is, therefore, an even higher barrier in India. The result is India’s plug-in electric car market has never truly taken off and is currently fluctuating between 2000 and 4000 sales yearly, compared to 1 million sales from China in 2020. Looking at the models available on the Indian market, low-priced offerings (under $20k) are still well above the average car price and have less than 150 miles of range, for example, the Mahindra e-Verito or Tata Tigor, making them unattractive as well as unaffordable. The other issue is charging infrastructure, where deployment is also very low in the country. Market entry of Tesla in 2021, unfortunately, does not solve these core problems, at least in the short term.

Moreover, the government’s FAME-II policy does not subsidize private electric cars (only commercial ones) reflecting how the focus of electrification in India is still very much in the realm of micro-mobility (two and three-wheelers), which are much easier to electrify and can use standard electrical outlets to charge removable batteries.

The report further explores key technology trends unique to India, such as the transition away from Lead-acid batteries, Li-ion chemistry choices for 45-degree midday heat, the importance of local battery production, and the country’s reliance on permanent magnet motors from China.

IDTechEx tracks the adoption of electric vehicles, battery trends, and demand across the land, sea, and air, and provides Research, Subscription, and Consultancy products for the same.